Named after the richest state in Mexico, this toy-dog is one of the smallest dog breeds in the world, as well as one of the longest life expectancies of 15-20 years. Its ancestry is ancient and can be traced back to the 9th century AD, descending from a dog called the ‘Techichi’ which was bred for companionship, religious ceremonies, rituals and as food. Some researchers claim this breed’s ancestors originated from China.
Known as “purse dogs,” Chihuahuas weight between 2-3kg, their height is between 15-22cm at the shoulder. They are not docile little creatures but lively alert, fast and can be aggressive, especially with strangers and children. In some rural areas these dogs serve as ratting dogs, being fearless they can take down squirrels and rodents.
The coat comes in many colours, long and short and it is low maintenance, just requiring some occasional brushing. They do feel the cold and need covering, especially in winter. Their rounded ‘apple’ head is a breed hallmark, while their large eyes are expressive. Teeth require regular inspection and may need cleaning.
Chihuahuas tend to form a deep bond with one particular person, they are alert and intelligent and respond well to training. Chihuahuas seem to be aware of how cute they are and how to get their own way, they tend to have a bit of a ‘terrier’ temperament in regard to persistence for what they want.
Because of their big personalities it is important to train these dogs from puppyhood, to socialise them a little and with caution due to their size. They can become yappy barkers; people forget these dogs are still canines in a small package and they need mental stimulation and companionship, making them a compact and ideal city pet.
Although many dogs of this breed are healthy; there are some genetic issues that can affect them. They have the potential for heart problems, eye disease, patella luxation and epilepsy. As always, it is recommended but not always adhered to by breeders, is testing and genetic health screening on all breeding stock dogs.
